WHO's report, based on 2022 data on AMR (Antimicrobial Resistance), shows that the use of Access antibiotics (mostly safe, low-cost, narrow-spectrum drugs with a low risk of promoting AMR) does not meet the criteria previously set by WHO which is 70% of all antibiotics prescribed should fall into Access category, while globally it is less than 50%. Alarmingly, the use of Watch (more expensive, broad-spectrum) and Reserve antibiotics (last-resort treatments for multidrug-resistant infections) is steadily increasing.    Antimicrobial resistance is a trait of microorganisms that allows them to survive exposure to antibiotics intended to eliminate them. It occurs due to spontaneous mutations in the genetic code as well as through horizontal gene transfer, when one microorganism can “pass” resistance to another. Unjustified and sometimes reckless prescribing further accelerates this process, leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), which is resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics. However, even this dangerous strain can evolve into more resistant forms, such as VISA-MRSA (vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus), where vancomycin is typically the primary treatment option for MRSA infections.    The main reasons behind overprescription and how to prevent that:  - Diagnostic uncertainty, often based on non-specific symptoms rather than microbiological test results / More targeted guidelines and easier access to tests and education to interpret them correctly  - Established habits within the medical community, which may overlook the scale of the problem - Conduction of intervention studies and some sort of inspections - The attitude of practitioners, including underestimation of research findings - Training and education - Insufficient emphasis on the issue in medical education and the conservatism of older practitioners - Greater emphasis on this topic in case of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology - Patient expectations and their push for prescribing: “If I’m sick, I need medication to get better” - Interdisciplinary trainings which should lead to patients education by practitioner, he has to explain why prescribing antibiotics is not the only way.    This problem will only arise in time as long as medical community won't take measures and try to minimise the occurrences of over prescription the drug resistant strains will only gain in number and multi resistance.

President Donald J. Trump launched Operation Epic Fury in Iran. US and partner forces began striking targets at 1:15 am ET on February 28th. Stated goals of the campaign are:  - eliminate nuclear threat  - destroy ballistic missile arsenal  - degrade proxy terror networks  - cripple naval forces

Published in June 2025, Lazard's annual Levelized Cost of Energy report is the most widely cited comparison of what it costs to build and run each type of power plant in the United States. It compares technologies on a dollars-per-megawatt-hour basis, on an unsubsidized basis as snapshot of current costs - not a forecasting tool. Renewable energy remains the most cost-competitive form of new-build generation. This position Lazar has held for ten consecutive years. The figures below include both the cost of building each plant and running it over its lifetime. Onshore wind leads at $37–86/MWh and utility-scale solar follows at $38–78/MWh. Gas sits in the middle at $48–109/MWh and coal at $71–173/MWh. At the expensive end, new-build nuclear reaches $141–220/MWh - the second costliest option after gas peaking plants at $149–251/MWh. One important limitation: these numbers only measure the cost of generating electricity, not the cost of making it reliable - which the report acknowledges directly. Solar and wind are cheap, but they stop producing when the sun sets or the wind drops. The report found that the more solar and wind a grid adds, the more valuable always-on sources become. Cheap and reliable are not the same thing - and the grid needs both.

Monetary Policy Council decided on May 8th to lower the base interest rate from 5.75% to 5.25%. WIBOR 3M already adjusted and WIBOR 1Y is foreshadowing next decreases. Prof. Adam Glapiński current President of National Bank of Poland stated that next cuts are possible but not certain.

National Electoral Office announced results of first round of elections. | Candidate | Result | | ------------- |:-------------:| | Rafał Trzaskowski | 31,36% | | Karol Nawrocki | 29,54% | | Sławomir Mentzen | 14,81% | | Grzegorz Braun | 6,34% | | Szymon Hołownia | 4,99% | | Adrian Zandberg | 4,86% | | Magdalena Biejat | 4,23% | | Krzysztof Stanowski | 1,24% | | Joanna Senyszyn | 1,09% | | Marek Jakubiak | 0,77% | | Artur Bartoszewicz | 0,49% | | Maciej Maciak | 0,19% | | Marek Woch | 0,09% |

Pavel Durov the CEO of telegram was arrested in France.